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Management & Economics Research Journal

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Management & Economics Research Journal

  • Home
  • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Board Members
    • Editorial Board Roles
    • Editorial Procedures
    • Contact us
    • Join us
  • About
    • About Journal
    • Aims & Scope
    • Journal Publisher
    • Membership
    • Abstracting & Indexing
    • Journal Citedness (WoS & Scopus)
    • Announcements
    • Statistics
    • Contact
    • Find us on Facebook
    • Follow us on Linkedin
  • Policies
    • Publication Ethics
    • Misconduct & Plagiarism
    • Peer Review Process
    • Copyright & Licensing
    • APCs & Publication Fees
    • Conflicts of Interest
    • Disclosure of Funding Sources
    • Article Withdrawal, Retraction or Removal
    • Author Complaint Process
    • Digital Archiving & Preservation
    • CrossMark
    • Privacy Statement
  • Browse Journal
    • Current Issue
    • Volumes & Issues
    • Issue in Progress
    • Author & Affiliation Index
  • For Authors
    • Author Guide
    • Referencing Style
    • JEL Classification Codes
    • Manuscript Readiness Level (MRL)
  • FAQ
  • Editorial Platform
  • Search
Journal Scope

The Journal is interested in the following fields of research:

Business, Management, and Economics

Info! If the subject of your manuscript belongs to one of the above fields, you can go to the in order to make a submission.
Submission
Manuscripts must be submitted to Management & Economics Research Journal online via ASJP (Editorial Platform). Go to the in order to move to space for the manuscript submission area and fill in all of the necessary fields on the Manuscript Metadata page.
 You can change the platform's language (French, English, Arabic): Responsive image

 If you do not have an account on the platform, you must first register by clicking on Registration. You can find it below the login box.


 During the manuscript submission process, please note the following:

1- In the email field, you must enter the email with which you registered on the platform.
2- The reviewers' suggestion is optional.

Associate Editors Members

 Kamel Mellahi, ( ID: 57205357810). Centre for Responsible Business, Commerce (United Arab Emirates)

 Omo Aregbeyen, ( ID: 37096721900). Department of Economics, University of Ibadan (Nigeria)

 Muzaffar Asad, ( ID: 57203502160). College of Commerce and Business Administration, Dhofar University, Salalah (Oman)

 Tom Gillpatrick, ( ID: 6508192486). Department School of Business Administration, Portland State University (United States)

 Andrea Bencsik, ( ID: 35768985700). Faculty of Economics and Informatics, J. Selye University, Komarno (Slovakia)

 Luna Leoni, ( ID: 56661904500). Department of Management and Law, Tor Vergata University of Rome (Italy)

 Magdalena Marczewska, ( ID: 57219603909). Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw (Poland)

 Mohammed El Amine Abdelli, ( ID: 57222567810). Université de Brest (UBO), Brest (France)

 Lamia Jamel, ( ID: 57194589452). College of Business Administration, Taibah University (Saudi Arabia)

 Mohamed Fellague, Faculty of Economics, Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef (Algeria)

 Sami Mebarki, Faculty of Economics, Batna1 University (Algeria)

Editorial Advisory Board Members

 Britchenko Igor, ( ID: 56891643900). State Higher School named Memorial of. Prof. Stanislaw Tarnovski in Tarnobrzeg (Poland)

 Khelifa Mazouz, ( ID: 16402375000). Institute of Accounting and Finance, Cardiff University (United Kingdom)

 Fateh Belaid, ( ID: 36917920300). Faculty of Management, Economics & Sciences, Lille Catholic University (France)

 Maja Bacovic, ( ID: 13608396400). Faculty of Economics, The University of Montenegro (Montenegro)

 Abebaw Hailu Fikire, ( ID: 57222048951). College of Business and Economics, Debre Berhan University (Ethiopia)

 Shah Fahad, ( ID: 57205962719). School of Management, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an (China)

 José Guilherme Leitão Dantas, ( ID: 57095607400). Department of Management and Economics, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (Portugal)

 Abdelkader Derbali, ( ID: 56596687500). Community College, Taibah University (Saudi Arabia)

 Md. Saidur Rahaman, ( ID: 57209169810). Department of Business Administration, Metropolitan University, Sylhet (Bangladesh)

 El-Hadi Boukalkoul, Badji Mokhtar University of Annaba (Algeria)

 Faouzi Tchiko, ( ID: 57190381010). Faculty of Economics, University of Mascara (Algeria)

Abstracting & Indexing

Management & Economics Research Journal is indexed by the following abstracting and indexing services:

Editorial Platform
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 If you see this message:
The platform is temporarily stopped for maintenance. It will be operational as soon as possible.
Thanks for your understanding.
It means you are only authorized to enter once you are given the Associate Editor/Reviewer role.


 If you do not have an account on the platform, you must first register by clicking on Registration.You can find it below the login box.


 During the manuscript submission process, please note the following:

1- In the email field, you must enter the email with which you registered on the platform.
2- The reviewers' suggestion is optional.

Management & Economics Research Journal

Journal of Governance & Regulation. DOI: 10.22495/jgrv11i1siart15. Scopus
International Journal of Data and Network Science. DOI: 10.5267/j.ijdns.2022.6.005. Scopus
The Electronic Library. DOI: 10.1108/EL-04-2022-0094. WoS & Scopus

Journal of Business Ethics. DOI: 10.1007/s10551-021-04916-y. WoS & Scopus
International Journal of Management Studies. DOI: 10.32890/ijms2023.30.1.5. WoS

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society. DOI: 10.1155/2022/8103510. WoS & Scopus

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C. DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2022.103140. WoS & Scopus

Environmental Science and Pollution Research. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25053-7. WoS & Scopus

European Journal of Sustainable Development. DOI: 10.14207/ejsd.2022.v11n1p1. WoS
Ekonomicky casopis. DOI: 10.31577/ekoncas.2022.02.02. WoS & Scopus

Sustainability. DOI: 10.14207/ejsd.2022.v11n1p1. WoS & Scopus

Explore Business, Technology Opportunities and Challenges ‎After the Covid-19 Pandemic. ICBT 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08954-1_44. Scopus

Financial Technology (FinTech), Entrepreneurship, and Business Development. ICBT 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08087-6_18. Scopus

Abusive Managers/Supervisors' Impact on the Psychological Capital of Employees: The Implications of Workplace Bullying and Incivility Within the Context of Violence at Work. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3937-1.ch025. Scopus

Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research. DOI: 10.1007/s40497-022-00330-4. WoS

Paraphrase

  • 1.How to paraphrase sources?
  • 2.How to paraphrase in five steps
  • 3.Paraphrasing example
  • 4.Paraphrasing tips
  • 5.How to cite a paraphrase?
  • 6.Paraphrasing vs. quoting
  • 7.Paraphrasing vs. summarizing

1.How to paraphrase sources?

Paraphrasing means formulating someone else’s ideas in your own words. To paraphrase a source, you have to rewrite a passage without changing the meaning of the original text.

Paraphrasing is an alternative to quoting, where you copy someone’s exact words and put them in quotation marks (“ ”). In academic writing, it’s usually better to paraphrase instead of quoting, because it shows that you have understood the source and makes your work more original.

Every time you paraphrase, it’s important to cite the source. You also have to be careful not to use wording that is too similar to the original. Otherwise, you could be at risk of committing plagiarism.

2.How to paraphrase in five steps

  1. -Read the passage several times to fully understand the meaning
  2. -Note down key concepts
  3. -Write your version of the text without looking at the original
  4. -Compare your paraphrased text with the original passage and make minor adjustments to phrases that remain too similar
  5. -Cite the source where you found the idea

3.Paraphrasing example

Original passage
“The number of foreign and domestic tourists in the Netherlands rose above 42 million in 2017, an increase of 9% and the sharpest growth rate since 2006, the national statistics office CBS reported on Wednesday (DutchNews.nl, 2018).
Paraphrased version
According to the national statistics office, the Netherlands experienced dramatic growth in tourist numbers in 2017. More than 42 million tourists travelled to or within the Netherlands that year, representing a 9% increase – the steepest in 12 years (DutchNews.nl, 2018).
  • The text is rewritten in your own words
  • The meaning of the text did not change
  • The source is cited correctly according to APA in-text citation rules

4.Paraphrasing tips

The five steps to paraphrasing may seem straightforward, but writing an idea in a different way than the published version can be difficult. These are four tricks you can apply to help you do so.

  1. Start your first sentence at a different point from that of the original source
  2. Use synonyms (words that mean the same thing)
  3. Change the sentence structure (e.g. from active to passive voice)
  4. Break the information into separate sentences

We have applied these four tips to the example below.

Original quote:
“But the hearing was about more than Facebook; it exposed a critical turning point as the power, sophistication and potential exploitation of technology outpaces what users, regulators or even its creators expected or seem prepared to handle” (Roose & Kang, 2018, para. 11).
Paraphrased version:
The hearing made it apparent that the expectations of creators, regulators and users have been rapidly eclipsed by technology in general, not only Facebook. Such technologies now extend beyond what these parties are able to manage, due to their immense influence, the potential for exploitation and sophistication (Roose & Kang, 2018, para. 11).

4.1-Start your first sentence at a different point from that of the original source

In the example, you can see that we started by introducing the context (the hearing) followed by the last part of the original sentence: the expectations of creators, regulators and users. In fact, the key pieces of information are mentioned in a completely different order.

4.2-Use as many synonyms as possible

Synonyms are words or phrases that mean the same thing. Our example uses several synonyms:

  • “exposed a critical turning point” → “made it apparent”
  • “outpaces” → “rapidly eclipsed”
  • “power” → “immense influence”

If you’re struggling to think of synonyms, a thesaurus can be a useful tool. However, don’t overdo it! It’s perfectly acceptable and often necessary to use some of the same words as the original text. In this example, it would be unnecessarily confusing to use synonyms for words like “technology”.

4.3-Change the sentence structure

For example, if the sentence was originally in the active voice, change it to passive. The active voice is when a sentence is led by the subject (the thing doing the action). When the object (the thing receiving the action) leads the sentence, that sentence is written in the passive voice.

  • “technology outpaces what users, regulators or even its creators expected” → “the expectations of creators, regulators and users have been rapidly eclipsed by technology“

In this example, technology is the subject; the expectations of creators, regulators and users are the object. The original quote was written in the active voice, while the paraphrase uses the passive voice.

4.4-Break the information into separate sentences

Although paraphrasing will usually result in a word count roughly the same as an original quote, you may be able to play with the number of sentences to make the text different.

In this example, one long sentence was broken into two. The opposite could also be the case, i.e. if the original quote is comprised of two sentences, you may be able to combine the information into one.

5.How to cite a paraphrase?

Once you have your perfectly paraphrased text, you need to ensure you credit the original author. No matter what citation style you use, you always paraphrase in the same way. The only different thing is the in-text citation.

APA format (Roose & Kang, 2018, para. 11)

6.Paraphrasing vs. quoting

If you complete thorough research and take notes on the sources you read, you will naturally end up paraphrasing most of the important information you find rather than using direct quotes. It is wise to limit the number of direct quotes in your paper because:

  • Paraphrasing shows that you clearly understand the meaning of a text
  • Your own voice will remain dominant throughout your paper
  • Quotes reduce the readability of your text

Quotes are appropriate when:

  • Giving a precise definition
  • Saying something about the author’s language or style
  • Providing evidence in support of an argument
  • Critiquing or analyzing a specific claim

7.Paraphrasing vs. summarizing

A paraphrase is a rewriting of a specific passage from someone else, so it will be approximately the same length as the source’s original quote.

When you completely or partially describe the outcome of a more substantial part of the research, it is called a summary.

There is a distinct difference between paraphrasing and summarizing. However, in general (as is the case in many universities), both are often referred to as paraphrasing.

Example of summarized text
Summary:
An article published in April 2018 highlighted clear differences between generations of children in the Netherlands, stating that 70% of the grandparents of the current generation spent more time outside than at home, compared to 10% today. Since 2013, the percentage of children who play outside every day has decreased from 20% to just 14%. There are several negative outcomes for children that have resulted from lack of outdoor play, including increasing problems with short-sightedness due to a preference for time on computers, shortages of Vitamin D, problems with weight, and limited development of social skills (DutchNews.nl, 2018).

Why summarize?
While paraphrasing and quoting are ideal if you wish to focus on one section of a research article, summarizing is a useful tool if you find the entire source relevant and interesting.

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Faculty of Economics, Commercial and Management Sciences, Ziane Achour University of Djelfa.
BP 3117, Djelfa - Algeria.

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(+213) 660 42 94 95
Dr. Mohammed Benmoussa
Editor in Chief
m.benmoussa@univ-djelfa.dz
editor@mer-j.com
{Management & Economics Research Journal} is an open-access journal distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
e-ISSN: 2710-8856 | p-ISSN: 2676-184X | Creative Commons License
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